Tuesday, February 5, 2013

The Doenuts Blog: Wow, Is It UFT Election Season or What? Unity ...


Quite a discussion going on right now in the comments section of the MORE blog. This post challenges the union's?commitment?to?improving the working?conditions of teachers and learning conditions for students. It also (rightly) asserts that the leadership has turned away from the principle of collective bargaining rights when it announced it's support of the governor's role in making a final decision (they are saying it's like fair and independent arbitration. MORE is saying it's more like having your boss' boss weigh in and make a final decision).

Something about it must hit a nerve, because the (Unity) party faithful are out in full force leaving comments, calling MORE a bunch of names (dishonest names at that) and throwing punches at the at the ol' straw man (no offense, but Unity fights the straw man an awful lot. You'd think people would grow tired of it, but I digress).

Anyway, through all the vitriol is this comment from MORE member Kit Wainer, which lends a bit of?sobriety to the craziness that the Unity folks are?bringing?to the discussion.

There are two essential points, both of which this post ignores.

1. Prior to negotiating a new evaluation procedure with the state the UFT never mobilized us for a battle against evaluations based on standardized test scores. Nor did they follow the Chicago Teachers Union model of insisting that the problem in education is not teacher quality but the lack of services. CTU did that by making the demand for ?wrap-around? services a central contract demand. And they mobilized their members, struck, and won partial victories. Had the UFT leadership mobilized us through massive rallies and job actions, and then compromised and accepted only partial victory, we could have judged their actions differently. Had the union fought and only partially won (as was the case in Chicago) I think we could have accepted compromise. But the union never fought. Mulgrew negotiated secretly with the state and then presented us with a fait accompli. There had been no mobilizations leading up to that deal. We don?t know what we could have won had we mobilized. What we know is that Mulgrew gave in without a member-driven fight. And since the new evaluation procedure became state law, our union leaders have continued to not mobilize us. Instead they relied on their negotiating skills, which proved unable to pressure the mayor to accept even a sunset clause.

2. The membership has been left out of every step of this process. Unity did not campaign in the 2010 UFT elections on a platform of having us evaluated based on test scores or shifting the burden of proof onto us during 3020a hearings. Prior to the deal with the state the leadership never proposed to us that we engage in an effort to find a compromise. Nor was the membership asked for input or approval. In fact, even the DA was kept in the dark until after Mulgrew negotiated with the state. After that, the leadership never went to the membership to ask what should be negotiated within the confines of the new state law. Nor will they tell the membership what they were willing to settle for in January. The membership finds out what its union is doing by reading the newspapers. The Unity leadership has turned the UFT into another organization that imposes changes on us without any consultation, without any opportunity for the members to decide what kinds of compromises it might accept.

Those are the real issues. The whole schoolyard and pot banging metaphors are cute but beside the point.

?The comments reminded me of something. There isn't a dearth of union rights and strength in New York City. Only a dearth of will and of a?commitment?to the democratic process of running a union. Bravo Kit, for bringing it back to where it should be.

Source: http://nycdoenuts.blogspot.com/2013/02/wow-is-it-uft-election-season-or-what.html

gronkowski jeremy renner best buy black friday deals breaking dawn part 2 breaking dawn part 2 Jennifer Lacy Honey Baked Ham

Monday, February 4, 2013

French army launches more strikes in northern Mali

A Malian soldier walks in the street after arriving in a convoy at the military base in Timbuktu, Mali, Saturday Feb. 2, 2013. French President Francois Hollande visited the fabled city for two hours, twenty days after the start of operation Serval. (AP Photo/Jerome Delay)

A Malian soldier walks in the street after arriving in a convoy at the military base in Timbuktu, Mali, Saturday Feb. 2, 2013. French President Francois Hollande visited the fabled city for two hours, twenty days after the start of operation Serval. (AP Photo/Jerome Delay)

French President Francois Hollande speaks at Independence Place in central Bamako, Mali Saturday, Feb. 2, 2013. The French president was greeted by thousands of cheering supporters as he visited the embattled city of Timbuktu earlier Saturday, making a triumphant stop six days after French forces parachuted in to liberate the fabled city from the radical Islamists occupying it.(AP Photo/Thomas Martinez)

French President Francois Hollande, center left, joins hands with his Malian counterpart Dioncounda Traore, at Independence Place in central Bamako, Mali Saturday, Feb. 2, 2013. The French president was greeted by thousands of cheering supporters as he visited the embattled city of Timbuktu earlier Saturday, making a triumphant stop six days after French forces parachuted in to liberate the fabled city from the radical Islamists occupying it. (AP Photo/Thomas Martinez)

French President Francois Hollande, with Mali's President Dioncounda Traore, second from left, at his side, gives an address at Independence Place in central Bamako, Mali Saturday, Feb. 2, 2013. The French president was greeted by thousands of cheering supporters as he visited the embattled city of Timbuktu earlier Saturday, making a triumphant stop six days after French forces parachuted in to liberate the fabled city from the radical Islamists occupying it.(AP Photo/Thomas Martinez)

(AP) ? French troops launched airstrikes on Islamic militant sites around Kidal and Tessalit in Mali's far north, just a few hours after a triumphant visit by France's president, defense officials said Sunday.

French planes pounded extremist training camps as well as arms and fuel depots from Saturday night into the early hours of Sunday, according to French army Col. Thierry Burkhard.

"It was an important aerial operation to the north of the town Kidal and in the Tessalit region where we targeted logistical depots and Islamist training camps ... some 20 sites," said Burkhard.

"Here, there's still various Islamist groups like the MUJAO, and Ansar Dine," he said. The Islamic extremist group the Movement for Unity and Oneness of the Jihad, is known as MUJAO.

The aerial assaults come three weeks after France unilaterally launched a military intervention to stem the advance of the al-Qaida-linked fighters in Mali. Since then French troops have succeeded in ousting the rebels from the three main northern cities they occupied, including the fabled city of Timbuktu.

The continued attacks also came hours after French President Francois Hollande left Mali. On Saturday, he visited Timbuktu to a liberator's welcome. Thousands of people stood elbow-to-elbow behind a perimeter line in downtown Timbuktu, hoisting the homemade French flags they had prepared for Hollande's arrival to the northern desert city that French troops liberated last week after 10 months of control by al-Qaida-linked groups.

He then flew to Bamako, the capital, where he spoke before boarding a plane back to Paris. He stressed the successes of the French intervention, but warned that threats of extremism will continue.

"Terrorism has been rejected. It has been chased, but not yet beaten," Hollande said.

France has said that it eventually wants to hand over responsibility for the mission to the Malian army and other African counterparts.

In an interview with the Sunday's French weekly Le Journal du Dimanche, Malian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Hubert Tieman Coulibaly, expressed the government's hope that the French military operation carry on until the Islamists have no more weapons left.

"Faced with seasoned fighters whose arsenal must be destroyed, we wish the mission to continue," Coulibaly said. "Especially given how important the aerial dimension is."

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/3d281c11a96b4ad082fe88aa0db04305/Article_2013-02-03-AF-Mali-Fighting/id-e7edac87bf5d4b96a872720e8dba2d28

fat tuesday obama sweet home chicago accenture match play george washington carver king cake mardi gras fun.

China says Syrian foreign minister to visit

BEIJING (Reuters) - Syrian Foreign Minister Walid al-Moualem will visit China this week to meet with his Chinese counterpart Yang Jiechi, in what Beijing said was part of its efforts to push for a political solution to end fighting in the country.

Moualem will be in China from February 4-7, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying told a daily news briefing.

"This is part of China's effort to push for a political resolution of the Syrian issue," Hua said.

Moualem last visited China, one of five permanent members of the U.N. Security Council, in April last year.

China, along with Russia, has blocked three Security Council resolutions aimed at pushing Syrian President Bashar al-Assad out or pressuring him to end a civil war in which more than 60,000 people have died.

But China has been keen to show it is not taking sides, inviting both Syrian government officials and opposition members to visit, despite having little influence in the Middle East.

It has urged the Syrian government to talk to the opposition and take steps to meet demands for political change, and has said a transitional government should be formed.

(Reporting by Terril Yue Jones; Writing by Ben Blanchard; Editing by Jeremy Laurence)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/china-says-syrian-foreign-minister-visit-073109764.html

tornados dr. seuss dr seuss the temptations rush limbaugh sandra fluke green book some like it hot

Central Bankers At Crossroads As Global Economy Continues Sluggish Growth


* Draghi, Carney to hog spotlight
* ECB, BOE firmly on hold but unease stir over euro strength
* Trade data eyed for signs of reviving global demand
By Alan Wheatley, Global Economics Correspondent
LONDON, Feb 3 (Reuters) - Central banking is in a state of flux as policymakers from Tokyo to Washington ditch prevailing orthodoxies to try to grab a bigger share of a slow-growing global economic pie.
That's why the focus this week will be on what European Central Bank (ECB)Governor Mario Draghi has to say about the strength of the euro and what Canadian central bank chief Mark Carney might have in mind when he succeeds Mervyn King at the Bank of England (BOE) in July.
Draghi holds a news conference on Thursday after an ECB policy-setting meeting. On the same day, with delicious timing, Carney will be wrapping up testimony to British lawmakers just as the BoE announces the results of its own policy meeting.
The unanimous verdict of economists polled by Reuters is that neither bank will change its stance. The environment, however, is shifting, presenting both with unwanted challenges.
The ECB must keep a close eye on the euro, which has risen to a 14-month peak against the dollar and a 30-month high against the yen, reflecting the Federal Reserve's promise to keep buying bonds until U.S. unemployment falls much farther and the Bank of Japan's plan for a much looser monetary policy.
Exchange rates have much less of an impact on trade volumes than the state of external demand.
But, with global growth languishing, the relative performance of euro zone exporters will take a hit, said Daniel McCormack, a strategist at Macquarie in London.
"The euro could well be starting to cause a bit of pain already. It's moved up significantly, and in the context of what Japan's doing and the Fed's desire to get the dollar down or keep it low, it will have some impact," he said.

WHAT MIGHT THE ECB DO?
France has already complained about the euro's climb and Germany has blamed Japan for encouraging a weaker yen.
But Goldman Sachs said an ECB rate cut in response to a rising euro was still some way off, not least because the currency's vigour was largely due to improving economic and financial news from the euro zone.
The bank's economists did acknowledge, however, that the risks to its forecast that rates will stay on hold in 2013 were skewed to the downside.
"While global growth is picking up and demand growing, concerns about appreciation may be muted. But a strengthening euro in a stagnant global economy is likely to prompt questions about where the 'pain threshold' of German exporters to the level of the euro exchange rate lies," they said in a report.
Like the dollar, sterling has also fallen to a 14-month low against the euro.
British policymakers view a weaker pound as part of the solution to reviving the economy, which stagnated in 2012, and Goldman is among those who expect continued depreciation given the prospect of a more innovative and expansionary monetary policy under Carney.
McCormack reckons the shortfall in Britain's potential output that has opened up due to the recession is so great that the BOE might not need to contemplate tightening until 2018 - a full decade after the financial crisis climaxed.
But he said it was debatable whether Carney would prevail with his suggestion of targeting nominal gross domestic product, which implies permitting a temporary overshoot of inflation to allow growth to catch up.
"Most central bankers at the end of the day are in favour of strict inflation targeting. So he'll face a lot of intellectual pushback if he tries to get that through. But clearly there's the potential for some significant policy innovations once he's on board because he'll want to make his mark," McCormack said.

TRADE POLICY AND DATA IN SPOTLIGHT
Central banks are not alone in rummaging around for new ways to spur growth.
European Union leaders, who hold a summit on Thursday devoted mainly to the bloc's budget, are expected to call for maximum efforts to reach a series of bilateral free trade pacts to lower tariffs and cut red tape throttling exports.
The prospects for talks with the United States and Canada are still up in the air, but leaders are likely to endorse an early start to talks with Japan, according to diplomats.
Trade figures happen to be the core of this week's global economic releases.
Britain's gaping goods deficit is forecast to show a small improvement, due in part to sterling's weakness.
China's imports are projected to leap, which would bode well for world growth.
But, like most early-year data from Asia, interpretation will be treacherous because of calendar distortions: Lunar New Year, when factories in China close en masse, falls this year on Feb. 10, while last year the week-long holiday was in January.
America is likely to show a narrower trade deficit in December. Improving net exports would reinforce the view that the unexpected dip in GDP last quarter was due to fleeting factors and not the harbinger of a trend.
Bruce Kasman, an economist with JP Morgan in New York, said after Friday's good-but-not-great January jobs report that the economy was on track to expand about 2 percent this year despite fiscal drag that would lop at least 1.5 percent off growth.
Kasman said he was heartened by solid gains in labour income in recent months. Risks of a break-up of the euro, a hard landing in China and a plunge off the fiscal cliff in the United States had also been avoided.
All this pointed to steady if unspectacular U.S. growth.
"We don't have by any means the kind of growth that we would like, but we are setting ourselves up for a world where there's less risk and more sustainability," Kasman said on a conference call.

"; var coords = [-5, -72]; // display fb-bubble FloatingPrompt.embed(this, html, undefined, 'top', {fp_intersects:1, timeout_remove:2000,ignore_arrow: true, width:236, add_xy:coords, class_name: 'clear-overlay'}); });

Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/03/central-bankers-global-economy_n_2611724.html

david lee honduras prison fire do not call list sports illustrated westminster dog show 2012 words with friends words with friends

Sunday, February 3, 2013

Hilaria Thomas & Chrissy Teigen Wear The Same Dress On The Same Red Carpet (PHOTOS, POLL)

  • Lindsay Lohan vs. Charlize Theron

    Who looked lovelier in Dion Lee? <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/11/21/lindsay-lohan-cutout-dress-jay-leno_n_2172507.html?ncid=edlinkusaolp00000003" target="_hplink">Vote here!</a>

  • Miley Cyrus vs. Jessica Simpson vs. Alessandra Ambrosio

    Three stars, one sweater. Who wore it better? <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/07/06/miley-cyrus-jessica-simpson-alessandra-ambrosio_n_1653563.html?utm_hp_ref=mostpopular" target="_hplink">Vote here!</a>

  • Cindy Crawford or Lindsay Wixon

    Two covers, two gold dresses...who wore it better? <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/07/30/cindy-crawford--lindsey-wixson-cover-gold-dress_n_1720630.html?utm_hp_ref=style" target="_hplink">Vote here</a>!

  • Kim Kardashian vs. Tamara Ecclestone

    Who looked lovelier in Gucci fall 2012? <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/10/24/kim-kardashian-vs-tamara-ecclestone-who-wore-it-better_n_2008295.html?1351082661" target="_hplink">Vote here!</a>

  • Jennifer Lopez vs. Victoria Beckham

    Who rocked this sexy orange outfit better? <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/07/10/jennifer-lopez-victoria-beckham-dress_n_1661269.html" target="_hplink">Vote here!</a>

  • Kim Kardashian vs. Rachael Ray

    Who rocked this Marc Bouwer plunging neckline better? <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/26/kim-kardashian-rachael-ray-who-wore-it-better_n_1627637.html" target="_hplink">Vote here!</a>

  • Marisa Tomei vs. Princess Beatrice

    One dress, one princess and one Marisa Tomei...who wore it better? <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/30/princess-beatrice-marisa-tomei-dress_n_1640257.html" target="_hplink">Vote here!</a>

  • Kim Kardashian vs. Kate Winslet

    Who wore this risky, partly sheer but beautiful Stella McCartney dress better? <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/19/kim-kardashian-kate-winslet_n_1608383.html" target="_hplink">Vote here!</a>

  • Kim Kardashian vs. Gwyneth Paltrow

    This midriff-baring Pucci dress, who wore it better? <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/23/kim-kardashian-gwyneth-paltrow_n_1540219.html " target="_hplink">Vote here!</a>

  • Kim Kardashian vs. Kate Middleton

    Two ladies in a red McQueen dress, who wore it better? <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/04/kate-middleton-kim-kardashian_n_1567761.html" target="_hplink">Vote here!</a>

  • Eva Green vs. Elle Macpherson vs. Anne Hathaway

    One vava-voom, high-necked Tom Ford gown and three fashionistas. Who wore it better? <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/09/eva-green-tom-ford-dark-shadows-premiere_n_1502434.html" target="_hplink">Vote here!</a>

  • Katy Perry vs. Jennifer Lawrence

    Which version of Viktor & Rolf's Spring 2012 collection do you prefer? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/03/04/katy-perry-viktor-rolf_n_1319539.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Pixie Geldof vs. Lily Cole

    This Giles Deacon-designed dress, who wore it better? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/09/22/pixie-geldof-lily-cole_n_976036.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Shakira vs. Pink

    Pink and Shakira showed up at the VMAs wearing the same Balmain studded leather dress. Who wore it better? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/09/14/shakira-pink-wear-same-dr_n_285640.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Lily Cole vs. Pippa Middleton vs. Cameron Diaz

    This stunning pre-fall 2009 Alexander McQueen dress has been worn by three different ladies (at least!). Who wore it better? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/15/lily-cole-mcqueen-pippa-middleton-dress_n_1517316.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Kelly Ripa vs. Ginnifer Goodwin

    Who wore this Roksanda Ilincic dress better? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/16/kelly-ripa-ginnifer-goodwin-roksanda-ilincic_n_1520683.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Kylie Jenner vs. Khloe Kardashian vs. Kim Kardashian

    Three sisters, one jumpsuit. Who wore it better? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/09/12/kardashian-leopard-jumpsuit-photos_n_959175.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Jennifer Lopez vs. Drew Barrymore

    Who wore this Pucci dress better? Vote <a href="http://main.stylelist.com/2011/08/08/who-wore-it-best-jennifer-lopez-and-drew-barrymore-in-pucci-ph/" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Jennifer Lopez vs. Drew Barrymore

    <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/09/06/drew-barrymore-jennifer-lopez_n_950033.html" target="_hplink">Jen or Drew: </a>Who wore this elegant Gucci dress better?

  • Gwyneth Paltrow vs. Karlie Kloss

    Worn on a cover, worn on the runway -- who wore it better? Vote <a href="http://www.stylelist.com/2012/02/01/gwyneth-paltrow-harpers-bazaar_n_1248029.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Beyonce vs. Princess Letizia

    Who wore her sparkly blazer better? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/24/beyonce-princess-letizia_n_1029442.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Beyonce vs. Leighton Meester

    A sleek Michael Kors dress. Who wore it better? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/09/14/beyonce-leighton-meester-michael-kors_n_962537.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Anne Hathaway vs. Carmen Kass

    Two covers, one dress. Who wore this Miu Miu dress better? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/08/14/anne-hathaway-carmen-kass_n_926778.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Emma Stone vs. Angelina Jolie

    Who wore this Gucci jacket better? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/03/09/angelina-jolie-vs-emma-stone_n_1335312.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Michelle Williams vs. Kim Catrall

    Who wore this beautiful Lavin dress better? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/03/25/kim-catrall-vs-michelle-w_n_513799.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Eva Green vs. Elle Macpherson vs. Anne Hathaway

    Which of these lovely ladies wore the Tom Ford dress best? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/09/eva-green-tom-ford-dark-shadows-premiere_n_1502434.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Yasmin Le Bon vs. Kate Moss

    This Stella McCartney dress was worn by both on the same night! Who wore it better? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/02/20/kate-moss-yasmin-le-bon_n_1289001.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Jennifer Hudson vs. Blake Lively

    Both wore this curve hugging Victoria Beckham dress, but who wore it better? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/02/05/blake-lively-jennifer-hud_n_451726.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Uma Thurman vs. Alina Baikova

    This pretty Louis Vuitton frock, who wore it better? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/05/uma-thurman-chanel_n_996072.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Karlie Kloss vs. Constance Jablonski

    We love this floral D&G two-piece. Who wore it better? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/02/21/karlie-kloss-vogue-korea_n_1290903.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Naomi Campbell vs. Beyonce

    Who wore this golden Gucci frock better? Vote<a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/04/26/beyonce-naomi-campbell_n_853703.html" target="_hplink"> here!</a>

  • Iman vs. Gwen Stefani

    It may be in two different colors but it's definitely the same Stella McCartney jumpsuit. Who wore it better? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/05/17/gwen-stefani-iman-jumpsuits_n_862915.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Masha Tyelna vs. Nikki Reed

    Both caught our attention in this bold, scuba-inspired Michael Kors Resort 2012 gown, but who wore it better? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/11/27/harpers-bazaar-singapore-december_n_1115301.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Bianca Balti vs. Eva Mendes

    This sexy Dolce & Gabbana bodysuit, who wore it best? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/02/07/eva-mendes-marie-claire-march-2012_n_1259895.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Naomi Watts vs. Rosario Dawson

    One wore it in fuchsia, the other wore it in blue, but who wore it better? Vote <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/10/28/naomi-watts-rosario-dawson_n_775635.html" target="_hplink">here!</a>

  • Kim Kardashian vs. Rachael Ray

    Who styled the Marc Bouwer dress better? <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/26/kim-kardashian-rachael-ray-who-wore-it-better_n_1627637.html" target="_hplink">Vote here</a>!

  • Rihanna vs. Blake Lively

    Such different styles, but one red suit. Who did it better? <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/28/blake-lively-rihanna_n_1633401.html?1340882959" target="_hplink">Vote here!</a>

  • Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/03/hilaria-thomas-chrissy-teigen-photos-pictures_n_2610143.html

    best new artist 2012 grammys foo fighters nikki minaj grammys album of the year grammy red carpet

    Photonics: On track for downsizing

    Jan. 31, 2013 ? The ability to miniaturize photonics devices to sizes compatible with computer chips inches closer.

    Optical communications, or photonics, technology has failed to match the miniaturization of electronic components, mainly because of fundamental laws of classical optics. The smallest photonic devices are limited to sizes of at least a micrometer. Researchers from the A*STAR Institute of Microelectronics (IME) in Singapore have now realized a device design that beats such size restrictions and can be easily integrated into a silicon chip1.

    Using so-called 'plasmonic techniques', the researchers, led by Shiyang Zhu at the IME, demonstrated optical resonator structures, which allow a beam of light to circulate in a closed path, that can be used as on-off switches for light. The device is based on plasmonic effects that guide the light along the surface of the metal. "The performance of our devices is comparable to the best reported results for related plasmonic resonators," says Zhu.

    Conventional optical instruments, such as lenses, modify light as it passes through them. Plasmonic structures, however, act more like antennae that amplify light as it moves along their surface. Plasmonic features are typically created using metals such as gold or silver. However, integrating these noble metals with silicon chips is not only expensive, but also requires techniques that are incompatible with established silicon processing techniques.

    As a workaround, Zhu and co-workers used copper to generate the desired plasmonic effects. Copper is widely used as electronic wires in silicon computer chips, and it has an established track record in the computer industry. The researchers built their plasmonic resonator devices from two copper structures that guide light along them -- a long wire adjacent to a circle (see image). The smallest width of the copper circuit is only about 180 nanometers, which is much smaller than conventional light guides.

    The closeness of the wire and the circle is critical for efficient device operation. When light of a specific wavelength, which is determined by the dimensions of the circle, passes through the wire, some of it can leak into the circle where it becomes trapped. Light can only pass through the structure if it does not match the resonance wavelength of the circle.

    The wavelength at which this resonance occurs is very sensitive to parameters such as temperature. In the future, this sensitivity in the circuits could be harnessed for use as switches that control how light passes through the wire, says Zhu. "The next step is to design and demonstrate active plasmonic devices, such as thermo-optic switchers and high-speed electro-optic modulators."

    Share this story on Facebook, Twitter, and Google:

    Other social bookmarking and sharing tools:


    Story Source:

    The above story is reprinted from materials provided by The Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR).

    Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


    Journal Reference:

    1. Shiyang Zhu, G. Q. Lo, and D. L. Kwong. Performance of ultracompact copper-capped silicon hybrid plasmonic waveguide-ring resonators at telecom wavelengths. Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 14, pp. 15232-15246 (2012) DOI: 10.1364/OE.20.015232

    Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

    Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

    Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/-Lc7GY8Jdyo/130203145428.htm

    friday night lights nick santino bruce arians the misfits hook troy miracle

    Turkey's state news agency: police have arrested 9 people in connection with NYC woman's death

    Sorry, Readability was unable to parse this page for content.

    Source: http://news.yahoo.com/turkeys-state-news-agency-police-arrested-9-people-185841186.html

    taylor swift Texas A Texas A&m cotton bowl Fiscal cliff deal kathy griffin jadeveon clowney